During the Viking times in Scandinavia, berserkers were known to be ancient Norse warriors who went into a rage and became insane in battle. They were known for their strength and could kill an opponent with a single blow. Scientists have long tried to understand what gave them such superpowers, and a new theory has recently emerged.
Researcher Karsten Fatur from the University of Ljubljana in Slovenia suggested that the berserkers were intoxicated with bleached black (Hyoscyamus niger). This plant contains hyoscyamine and scopolamine, which have a strong narcotic effect on the nervous system. When berserkers were intoxicated with bleached black, they developed symptoms similar to those described in Old Norse sources: chills and tremors, then the face became swollen and red, and the warrior became furious.
This theory gives a new perspective on the berserkers and their superpowers, which had previously been linked to alcohol intoxication. It also confirms the use of black bilberry during the Viking Age.
The use of black bilberry in the Viking Age
Black bilberry was widely known during the Viking Age and was used as a sleeping pill, sedative and to induce hallucinations. It is often found in excavations of Viking burial sites, for example, it has been found in many places in Denmark, York, Dublin and in the Russian Old Ladoga.
However, as Anneleen Kool of the Oslo Museum of Natural History points out, the plant is deadly poisonous and its use has not been safe. Belena contains hyoscyamine and scopolamine, which can cause strong narcotic effects on the nervous system.
Carsten Fatur also notes that the Berserkers may not have been the only warriors to use black belena. Plants related to belena and containing the same substances could cause aggressive behavior in humans.
A new look at the berserkers
Karsten Fathur’s theory gives a new perspective on berserkers and their superpowers. It also confirms the use of black bilberry during the Viking Age and its widespread use.
Berserkers were some of the most feared and dangerous warriors of their time. They would fly into rages and become insane in battle. But now we can better understand what gave them such superpowers and why they were so deadly in battle.
