The Armenian Highland is a unique territory that attracts the attention of geologists from all over the world. This mountainous island has a complex structure, formed during the processes of mountain building of the Alpine-Himalayan belt. This is evidenced by the active volcanoes Nemrut and Tondrak, as well as the extinct volcano Vayotsar.
Vayotsar is a high volcano that is cut cone-shaped and 2,581 meters high. The last eruption of this volcano was recorded in 735 and was accompanied by a devastating earthquake. However, according to geologists, this volcano erupted earlier than the 8th century. The study of historical data shows that all the facts do not correspond to reality and the eruptions on the territory of modern Armenia were thousands of years ago.
Nemrut is a young active volcano, which is 2935 meters high. Hot gases, water and steam come out of its cannon and slopes. The top of Nemrut is a large Caldera, whose depth is 600 to 800 meters. The Nemrut crater is the largest on the Armenian Plateau and has a diameter of 8 kilometers. The last eruption of Nemrut occurred in 1441.
Tondrak is another active volcano, which is 3533 meters high. In its cannon there are many hot springs, and the depth of the cannon reaches 305 meters. There is evidence that the volcano became sharply active in the 1550s, and the last eruption occurred in 1855.
Studying the history of active volcanoes on the Armenian Plateau allows to better understand the processes taking place inside the Earth. Geological evidence suggests that there were eruptions on the territory of present-day Armenia thousands of years ago. However, the study of active volcanoes allows us to predict possible dangers and to take measures to protect the population.
